The Tyrrhenian Basin is relatively young giving it a thin sedimentary cover making it a great place for data collection.its bedrock lithology and stratigraphy is extremely well documented by more than 40 y of academic investigations; a 30 m section of partially serpentinized peridotite has been already recovered in the center of the basin; and extensive recent seismic refraction and reflection experiments suggest that most of the basement in the center of the Tyrrhenian is made of exhumed mantle. Drilling will sample the mantle, the associated magmas, and the products of syntectonic, and possibly ongoing, fluid-rock interaction to evaluate the geochemical exchange between the lithosphere and the hydrosphere and potential related ecosystems.